In patients diagnosed with type 2 diabetes, insulin no longer exerts adequate effects on tissues and cells (called insulin resistance) and insulin deficiency may also be present. Type II diabetes is characterized by a decrease in sensitivity to insulin, resulting in eventual elevations in blood glucose when the pancreas can no longer compensate. Insulin is an important hormone that regulates blood glucose levels. With metformin therapy, insulin secretion remains unchanged while fasting insulin levels and daylong plasma insulin response may actually decrease. Unlike sulfonylureas, metformin does not produce hypoglycemia in either patients with type 2 diabetes or normal subjects and does not cause hyperinsulinemia. This has been shown at therapeutic doses in controlled, medium-term or long-term clinical studies: Metfomin 850 reduces total cholesterol, LDL, cholesterol and triglycerides levels. In humans, independently of its action on glycemia, metformin has favorable effects on lipid metabolism. Metfomin 850 increases the transport capacity of all types of membrane glucose transporters (GLUTs) known to date. Metfomin 850 also delays intestinal glucose absorption. In muscle, it increases insulin sensitivity, improving peripheral glucose uptake and utilization. Metfomin 850 reduces hepatic glucose production by inhibiting gluconeogenesis and glycogenolysis, and stimulates intracellular glycogen synthesis by acting on glycogen synthase. Metfomin 850 is an antihyperglycemic agent which improves glucose tolerance in patients with type 2 diabetes, lowering both basal and postprandial plasma glucose.
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